BLOG #14

Angela, I really enjoyed rereading your blog and getting an insight of your two role models. I really liked your tone of voice and the way you presented your self. It was very clear and well thought out. The way you organized and presented yourself gave the viewer a better understanding of your essay. The way you introduced your mother I can tell she is a very wonderful and caring not to mention unselfish lady. I can relate to your blog in the sense that mothers are so special and the sacrifices and hard decisions they have to face because they want the best for their children is truly remarkable and fascinating. Because of our mothers we are who we are today and I can tell because of your mother trying her best to give you the best and teach you the best you are following her footsteps. Moreover, I can also relate to you in the sense that our mothers did not have the opportunity to continue on their education due to being in a society where getting married at a young age and having children rather than continuing on higher education and perusing a career was the right thing and the only thing they can do because of social pressures. Furthermore, regardless of not getting the proper education our mothers, these young ladies did not act selfish and dwell on the fact that they could have made something out of themselves, rather they gave the best of the best they could to their children. At such young ages they gave birth to children and in such poor countries gave the best life lessons from their experience to us. Moreover, because of them we are who we are today and strong due to our mothers. We learn from their past and rather than throwing our lives away we take advantage of the free country we live in and strive for the best, because to succeed and peruse and career and have a wonderful family is pure happiness for them. And I believe we owe them that much.

Blog 12

Part 2

1. The insight these accounts offer us about the experiences of the women in the civil rights movement is the humiliation and hard work these women went through to stand up for what they believed in .Through Diane Nash experiences of being involved in most of the major civil rights demonstrations of the 1960s we can see women’s active support to make a difference in what they believed in to pave the way for the nest generation. Women participated in their communities by supplying others with shelter and support and also communicating with the civil rights movement.

2. During the Civil Rights activities there were many obstacles faced. Many black women were frightened for their safety to vote. Furthermore, these activities were faced with violence, humiliation, Social pressures, treats, and even more severe deaths. Moreover, on top of all this Southern White Americans used financial and political powers to go against the civil rights movement and hold up any of their activities.



Part 1

1. I believe that in Betty Friedan’s book, Feminine Mystique what she has to say is accurate. “In her book she addresses how women have been encouraged to
Detain themselves to the narrow roles of domestic housewife’s and mothers.” Also she goes on to speaking of how they neglect to participate in education and career aspirations which I believe what was taking place. I also believe Betty Friedan’s perspective of women being held against participating the household and being held from education due to World War II and the Cold War was also accurate. This targeted problems working women faced. It opened many doors for women along with political activism.


2 During the Civil Rights Movement of 1960s it was a huge turning point for women’s political participation. Women began participating and joining organizations. One of the major factors due to this turning point for women was the Creation of the Presidents Commission on the status during 1961. This targeted problems of the working women’s discrimination.

3. Due to Civil Rights movement taking place many opportunities opened up for non-white women. For example, Dolores Huerta and Fannie Lou Hamer were able to participate in various political activities. This gave way for women to step up and take on more important and leadership roles. Also this opened up doors for women to show their true leadership skills and raise their voices. For example, Fannie Lou Hamer joined such causes to make the blacks citizens and equal of others and Dolores Huerta worked beside Cesar Chavez. Women were being more recognized and able to participate beside great men leaders.

BLOG #10

PART 1
1. How did African American women approach the issues of reform and suffrage?
African American women approached the issues of reform and suffrage very strongly and seriously. During the late nineteenth century, African women began to show their voices and the strength of their collective organization through the women’s club movement. These clubs provided its members with intellectually inspiring opportunities, also expanded their skills and increased their self confidence. Moreover, the women’s clubs kept women away from isolation of domestic life.

2. How do you explain the final success of the long drive to enfranchise women?
The final success of the long drive to enfranchise women started as the women began changing the views of the society that men worked outside the home and women worked in domestic housework and serving their husbands. Furthermore, they did this by creating organizations. Soon the national women’s suffrage movement and the American women’s suffrage movement came together and became NAWSA. This opened up their passage to vote in many states.

3. Describe the rise of women's trade/labor organizations.
The increase of the vast majority of women in the work force drew the rise of women’s trade/labor organization. Women began to work in professional fields and started to demand for more work and equal pay. Since they were getting little help from the trade union movement they decided to form the women’s trade union league. Compared to before individually they were afraid to speak and have their voices heard and now women are working as a team and forming unions and clubs to get what they want which is a huge leap to success. To get less hours and more benefits, they held strikes and finally got what they wanted.
PART 2

1. Why does Margaret Sanger refer to pregnancy as a “chronic condition?”
I believe Margaret Sanger refers to pregnancy as a “chronic condition because immigrant women were held from having abortion by the drugstores refusing to supply them with birth control. Because of this women were having children left and right which was very difficult for them both physically and economically due to their poor poverty condition. They were not able to raise these children with the necessities they deserved. Also their child – bearing was constant and never ending and they were being held from the one thing that could possibly save them. Moreover, the result of constant child- bearing left women’s bodies unable to function around their 30’s so they died an early age.

2. Does this excerpt offer any clues as to why birth control information could not be easily or legally disseminated?

The time period is a clue to why birth control information could not be easily or legally disseminated. During this time people were very religious and the birth of a child was a blessing of God and it shouldn’t be taken away. Moreover, Priests would tell women who considered buying condoms or having an abortion that they would be haunted by the faces of their unborn child. Abortion was against the law and it was as if you are taking a life so it was not allowed. Society and the law did not grant a woman the right of choice to have an abortion. Moreover, if an individual bought a single condom during this time they would be considered a criminal in 30 states. Women’s voice was ignored during this time and the separate sphere of men being dominated over women held women back from their voices being heard. Basically women were not able to get the help they deserved because they were not able to get their voices across. And for women to get their voice across would give them the chance to address other issues

3. Who was the intended audience for this story? Why might Sanger have included it in her Autobiography?
I believe Sanger wanted to target women and get her story across to teach women that they have a choice and not to be slaves of child-bearing. Also I believe she just wanted to educate the society and raise her voice about the truth. I believe Sanger included the story of Sadie Sachs because it changed her life; it was the death of Sadie Sachs that convinced her to devote her life to making dependable information available to women.


4. Is there a moral to this story? Do you believe Sanger was an antiabortionist? Why did she grieve? Was it for the unborn child or for the mother’s predicament? In your opinion, was the doctor’s attitude acceptable?
I believe the moral of this story is to take action and be aware of the consequences. Sanger in my opinion was not an antiabortionist. Sanger wanted women to have a choice with what they do with their bodies but also to be aware that constant abortion is also not right. I think that she grieved for the mother’s predicament and for the fact that the mother won’t see her unborn child. Also because she was close to the mother and grieved to see the harsh conditions she endured. I believe the doctor was at fault because he did not do anything in his power to help; although, how can you blame a man who is doing what he is instructed to do so. His beliefs in the society held him back from helping which is something you can’t change.

Blog # 9

1. Jacob Riis intended to shock comfortable Americans with his images of the slums. What might
contemporaries have found most disturbing about his representations of immigrant women and
girls? Why?

Jacob Riis's, images of woman and girls in the slums were of harsh conditions of desperate wife’s and mothers and girls struggling to make a living to keep their families and loved ones fed. The pictures speak louder than words and for the Contemporaries it must have been a shock since they were not aware of the immigrant’s lives being overly drastic. What the Contemporaries found most disturbing is the fact that they were not aware of such issues and also because of the pictures displaying an immigrant women or girls life in the slums facing harsh conditions. In the photos young girls were shown working in the factories with long hours and under uncomfortable conditions. Moreover, young girls joined factories in pursuit of “the American dream” but little did they know they would find no such thing there. Instead they became prostitutes and some even committed suicide due to no hope of better conditions. Jacob Riis opened the eyes of many people including contemporaries with his pictures of women and girls day to day life in his pictures and this stunned many people due to not being aware or not caring.

2. How does the symbolic use of female figures in late nineteenth-century political cartoons (Figures
6.11 and 6.12) contrast with the depictions of women in cartoons meant to amuse (Figures 6.1-
6.10)?

Women’s involvement in politics during the 1900’s gave way for mockery on women during a time where women were seen as degrading their true womanhood by participating in jobs outside the home. Women became a main target in cartoons and many who were politically involved were in the spotlight of being mocked. Women shown in the cartoons were strong, educated, and politically active. They were finally getting recognition; although, it was more of a joke. Women were finally making something out of them selves and getting out of that social norm where women only participate in domestic house work and instead of getting the recognition the deserved they were being poked at and being laughed at. Often people make a joke out of what they are afraid of, and to me it seems like the men were using cartoons and mocking women who ere politically active because they were afraid of women’s progress and finally they were rising to their level and probably thought by putting women down by mockery that they would be less active; although, I think this gave women more motivation to stand up for themselves and show the world what they are capable of.

Blog 7 Part 2

“Race Woman,” and “Crusade for Justice:
The Autobiography of Ida B. Wells”


“Lynching is the illegal execution of an accused person by a mob”
“This was usually a form of punishment by the whites against the African Slaves”
‘Whites who protested against this were also in danger of being lynched”


1. During the late 1800's, violence against blacks increased at high rates and mob rule was becoming the norm.During 1892, white men were dominant and superior compared to Black men. The tension arising from a Black mans success of his grocery store lead white men angry due to black men taking away their wealth and leaving them looking as fools. This was not acceptable by the white men because they believed they were better than the Black and the angry that the black men were taking away their customers. In result would do anything in their power to eliminate an innocent individual.. Therefore, once the white men realized that Thomas Moss was succeeding with his grocery store and taking away their business, the white men could not live to see this happen so they took action and consequently the end result was Thomas Moss and two other owners lynched.


2. White men were dominant and wanted to keep it that way so for any black man who tried to get in their way they would be taken care of .The opinion on lynching from the white’s point of view was that African slaves who committed a crime should be punished in order to teach them a lesson. Although, Incidences which were not even their fault, for example a white women falling in love with a black man would consequently leave a black man lynched since the assumption of white men was that “a white women could never fall in love with a black man, rather the black man raped or forced her to. Therefore, many times the white’s just wanted to stay dominant and black men succeeding feared them so through selfishness they would result it in lynching. Wells was determined to challenge their opinions by contradicting that Black slaves did not need to be punished by lynching, never the less for acts that they did not commit. She wanted to challenge that white men and women committee the same crimes, yet don’t get punished. She started by organizing an anti- lynching campaign. She gave public speeches against lynching and wrote editorials against lynching. Moreover, she was later given $500 dollars to instigate the history of African slave Lynching and she came to find that black slaves were” murdered for not paying a debt, disrespecting whites, testifying in court, stealing hogs, and public drunkenness “which white men also committed yet were not punished. Also through her investigation she found that 1/3 of the charges against the black men were of “rape” of white women. This was justified by the white men as protecting “white womanhood” when in fact many cases it was white women drawn to the black men. Thus Wells wanted to also challenge the fact that black men were not “ raping” the white women, yet the white women were with the black men with their own will.


3. White men were dominant, as I mentioned before so they had power to do as they pleased. Their social status was on top of the pyramid compared to the black men which were all the way on the bottom. They used black women as toys and never treated them as human beings since they were more superior. Raping black women was just another way of showing they had the power to do as they pleased without punishment just to show where they stand at the top of the hierarchy. Black men were as dirt for white men and couldn’t accept the fact that white women would fall in love with black men since they were looked upon as slaves. Therefore, white men wanted to secure their reputation by murdering black men who came in contact with white women by declaring it “rape”. White men had too much pride and to accept the fact that white women would fall in love with a black man would just leave them in shame and would take away their reputation as the highest social class.

BlOG # 7 Part 1

PART #1

1. The sewing machine and the typewriter are the most significant developments of the late 19th century United States experienced striking increase in industrialization, immigration and urbanization. Due to this conflict rose amongst class, ethnic and race. Also extreme conflicts rose of economic inequalities between the working class and industry’s managers and business owners. Trade became more mechanized and women began working longer hours for little pay in factories and mills.
2. By the late 19th century most of the women in the labor force consisted to nonwhite women. Occupations for women were the same as before; such as agriculture, domestic service, manufacturing, clerical work and professional work. Women were still getting paid less than men; although, the highest paid jobs were available for native born, middle class women. Moreover, low wages and poor working conditions provoked a much more widespread women’s labor reform movement which consisted to working- class women and middle –class women.

Blog 6 Part 1

1.Slavery was a major reason why women of the North and South divided in the years immediately before and during the Civil War. In the North, cities were heart of wealth and manufacturing; therefore, women did not need help of slaves because there were many skilled workers. On the contrary, the South did not have much manufacturing. Most of the people were farmers and money came from plantation crops, like cotton, rice, sugar cane and tobacco. Due to this woman needed slaves to work on the plantations. Women of the North were against slavery; where as, the women of the South mainly relied on the slaves so they supported it. The result of the different beliefs of political abolition of the North and South led to civil war.

2.The middle-class gender ideology for women was of strict domestic work which revolved women’s focus mainly around the home and never leaving those premises. However, Antebellum women’s rights movement openly challenged the base of true “Womanhood” and women were no longer only involved in housework; yet, became part of the political world alongside the men. Educational opportunities expanded for women and they soon had job openings: such as, teachers since women were well suited for and initially fitted to deal with children. Even with the abolition movement, men tried to restrain women’s activities. The abolition movement caused men to question women’s positions and made them very uncomfortable.

Blog # 6 Part 2

" I am as Strong as any Man "

Sojourner Truth, brave and courageous black women gave a powerful speech at the Woman's Rights Convention during the 1800’s. She stood out amongst many other middle-class black abolitionists and stunned the audience which consisted of several ministers as well as others. Moreover what is significant is that during this time women did not have a right to contribute to outside of domestic work much less give speeches about equality nor be part of political matters and yet she rose above and expressed her opinions. Moreover, during the 1800’s most of the society who were against slavery consisted of white members. These white members supported abolitionists due to religious backgrounds that slave- holding was a sin. Furthermore, in her speech she states many important view points from her experiences which are significant in the sense that she is capable of completing same challenges as a man in both physically and intellectual manner, yet she is robed from rights as men are not. Keeping in mind that Sojourner can not read nor write her speech is not expressed professionally with advanced wording, yet the significance is from within her and how she expresses her opinions from her heart through her experiences as a black slave women. Truth emphasis her strengths as a woman equal to those of men and touches key points about the bible and women’s capabilities during a time of racial and gender diffrentication.

Blog 5 Part 2

1. Maria has fear because she does not want Chaves to get caught for two reasons. One because they will murder him and she will get punished and also because later her husband will find out she was being unfaithful by keeping another man in their house while he was not present. Maria questions the lieutenant by asking if he has yet found Chaves which he replies as no and she is pleased because she did not lie. She is Curious to if they have found him. Maria reacts to the Lieutenant with character and strong will. She does not show that she is lying by being aggressive and straight forward. She later brings up the fact that she does not respect the fact that people are in her room when they are not family.
2. The source of strength that Maria shows is her ability to stay strong even though she is lying and could get punished for it. Her strength comes from keeping a man alive. The absence of a man leaves her to question weather she should let him in or not. Also it leaves her to make important decisions by her self without help and also question if she should put herself as well as her new born child in danger for a stranger she does not know. Also makes her question if her husband will be angry with her for betraying him.

Blog 5 Part 1

Both Native and White American women experienced hardships during the expansion to the west .During the early 1800’s, most White American women’s lives revolved around the home, with domestic chores throughout their day. Women did not make important nor small decisions. Instead they followed their husbands. Moreover, the decision to migrate to the west was not in the control of the wife, the husband gave permission for her to accompany him, or he went alone regardless of his wife’s opinion. Many women during the Gold Rush joined their husbands and the others stayed behind. The number of women who went to California amounted to about 2% of the total number of emigrants in 1849 and 1850. During the trip, women suffered the same hardships as the men as well as worries of pregnancy, childbirth, and childcare. Furthermore, their choirs of the home continued on the trail, as well as added tasks; such as, gathering fuel, setting up and taking down tents. Furthermore, the lack of modern inventions gave women a hard time to cook and do laundry. Women spent countless hours “pounding the dirt out of cloths in cold running steams”. Moreover unlike men having only a few tasks; such as, tending the animals and making decisions about direction or pace women had to wake up early to prepare the days work of cooking breakfast, taking care of the children’s needs and preparing for the next day. Often when men finished their tasks early they would have time to relax, however women did not share this experience along side their husbands. Women’s hours of labor were far more extended then mens; however they still contributed to the mens tasks; such as, driving the wagons and tending the stock. Due to the women devoting all of their time to labor, they did not have time to supervise their children; consequently resulted in small cases of getting injured or numerous cases of ,”children falling under and being crushed by the wheels of a moving wagon. This was not the least of their hardships also many women suffered from a disease called, “cholera” which was brought by European immigrants that killed many people. Though, women contributed to many difficult tasks and experienced hardship, many women seemed to enjoy the trip to the West. Women were looked upon as heroines and men often spoke in their journals of the women’s ability to willingly continue in spite of everything.
Moreover, “The Natives along with the Mexican citizens were pushed aggressively out of the way as the U.S took over the continent and caused women to go against each other on the grounds of culture, race, and ethnicity”(Pg 207). Indian women faced many hard experiences; such as, being household servants to the Mexicans and in other cases slaveholders. Native Women learned the domestic tasks of housewifery and even tried to adapt to American society; although, President Andrew Jackson drove the natives out of their homes to Mississippi. Women still continued to go by the norms of the American society and educated their daughters in virtues of Christian womanhood. Native Women left their own people to live alongside the white men for informal sexual and domestic unions which later the men left them once they got married to white women. Because The Native women abandoning their own they were not allowed to return so they ended up as domestic servants and prostitutes which white men referred to as “ black dirty Squaws”. Moreover, young native girls were kidnapped and raped by white settlers they were treated as trash and had no respected what so ever. Consequently this resulted in drastic reduced Indian women’s fertility which dropped the pop from 150,00 to 30,000 in 1850-1860.2.Majority of the people who left their homes in pursuit of finding gold in the west were men; although small minorities of people were women. Furthermore, there were also “Golden Women”, which were a few who went to search for the gold. Their outcome was that they realized they had more freedom in California than in their homes in the Eastern U.S.
After the Gold Rush women continued to have class differences amongst themselves. Middle- class women lived in San Francisco where they bought furniture, houses and servants. While white women’s husbands for out looking for fortune white women did laundry for men who were not married and were willing to pay well for their service.

Blog 3 Part 1

Chapter 2

2)Debra Sampson disguised herself as a young man and joined the American army as a willing volunteer to fight against the enemy. She served in various duties for three years and was wounded twice- the first time by a sword cut on the side of the head and four months later she was shot through the shoulder. Her actions speak louder than words, this shows that women are capable to do same amount of work as men. She was eager to fight for her country and she did so even if she had to do it in disguise. Debra Sampson showed courage and honor. Esther Reed was devoted to the Patriots Cause. She had passion for the cause of freedom and formed a committee in Philadelphia to raise money for General Washington's troops. Esther and the women in her committee collected more than 7,000 in contributions. She used the money for the Continental Army and later encouraged women throughout Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Maryland to take raised money for the troops. Esther continued her hard work for the cause of freedom and later died of an illness in 1780. Moreover, after her death Benjamin Franklin’s daughter, Sarah Osborn, continued her work. Both Debra Sampson and Sarah Osborn showed, women can be part of fighting for freedom with simply raising money or using a needle and thread to sew. Also this shows that women can be politically involved as well.
3)As women, I can relate to their experiences in the sense that I am also a very hard working and always want to be involved in causes for our countries freedom. Like Esther Reed, I believe that to be part of making a difference in a certain cause you believe in you should go after it and never let any obstacle stop you along the way. Women were not allowed to join the army but that did not stop Debra Sampson from contributing her part. Women today have learned from the past experiences of brave women from the past and I believe if it wasn’t for them, women would not have rights that they do today.

Blog 3 Part 2

Benjamin Rush had great views and ideas for the future of the women. Considering that there were a variety, both men and women, I believe would have reacted with different opinions for different views. One thing is for sure that the women agreed with his views and most likely were relieved that finally an individual spoke up about women and their capabilities to be more than just caretakers. Benjamin Rush believed women should be properly educated because they have a role as a caretaker and a guide to their children; therefore, they are the first impressions upon the minds of their children. Both men and women would have agreed with this statement because which mother would not want to be educated to pass on their knowledge to their children and be able to answer their questions precisely. And as we all know all fathers want their sons to grow up and be successful.
Moreover, he stated that women should read history in order to master geography and chronology. This would teach women to have knowledge of the world and be great traveling partner for their husbands. Women would have agreed with this statement, because they are so used to being around home, they would finally get a chance to explore the world and also gain knowledge. Men wouldn’t agree with this statement because they believed women should stay in the boundaries of their home and raise children. Furthermore, Men were not in favor of women being educated because they thought women would take control of the revolution they had unleashed. Also men would have reacted negatively because they would longer been viewed as the intellectual superiors of the society. Women on the other hand, would have reacted positively because they would be granted the same educational opportunities as men. Also, given the opportunity to be educated women would gain interests in careers outside of their locations which would be a huge concern for men. Possibly because women would establish communication networks wider than their region, which would gain them access to other points of view, and possibly promoting skepticism about local opinions and practices.

Blog 2

Part 1
1)Given the enormous variety among Native American Women, there are many generalizations we can draw about their experiences. Native American Women were not only mothers of the tribes children but also warriors, farmer, craftswomen and builders. I believe they were the strongest women of all time, considering the fact that they lived in harsh conditions and took care of the children and yet had time to do the same amount of work as men. Native American Women were equal on tasks with their husbands and their husbands honored them even if they had more than one wife. They raised their children sexually free, meaning that their daughters could do as they please with their bodies. Unlike other tribes, women had a political say. Their voices were heard and honored. They had more rights; such as, they had the right to leave the house without the husbands say and if the marriage was not working out, they had the right to divorce and not get punished.
2)The most significant difference among European Women Colonists is unlike the equality of the Natives, all the power rested in the patriarch of the family and the wife was able to only make a few decisions in her husband’s absence. The women were controlled and women’s voice in any aspect was not heard. European Women did not work as hard as Native American Women; although, they were punished and beaten if not completed a task. They did not have the right to own property; yet, they could still participate in the economy by shopping in the market with other women. Their job was to take care and raise their children.



Part 2
College Students Lack Critical Intellectual Skills

“But something is terribly wrong when Americans Lack the knowledge to make the most basic decisions required of everyday life in the 21st century “stated in the Arizona Daily Star. After reading this article I was quiet sadden to hear that our country as a whole has a below the average literate stand point. Given the fact that we have prestigious colleges/universities all around the country the statistics should contradict rather than fall below the average. On the other hand, stated in the Arizona Daily Star, the author brings out a very important point that due to technology: such as, computers, cell phones, games, and internet our society has little or no-brain activity. Students these days are caught up surfing the net for countless hours rather then using the computer for productive reasons; such as, studying or reading about important world issues. An example of such activity is Myspace. Walking into the school campus English Center, it worries me to find students aimlessly chatting on Myspace when there is a line of students that are being taken away from their rights to use the computer for important reasons. Moving on to Critical thinking I believe is important in our everyday experience because if we do not challenge ourselves and think beyond the box we will never progress and knowledge will not be gained. In the article the author states that students are “getting their degrees without knowledge gained because they simply want well paid jobs. I disagree with this statement because other than schools, there are other ways to get well paid jobs, and students are actually eager to get an education if they are going to make the effort to go to school and put in countless hours of their time. As for me, Education is important and it is important to have knowledge and critical thinking skills to survive in this world. I believe other students should read this article because it brought me back to reality and made me realize I need to take more responsibility for less technological use and more reading and studying. This article relates to our class in the sense that it involves an enormous great deal of critical thinking and self management to push oneself to succeed on your own. This class is designed for those who are comfortable to work alone and be on task to complete the assignments due before the time due; therefore, the instructor is not there to guide you through every step. Problem Solving is a hard task and requires a lot of critical thinking. Though it may come easily to others, for me I have to take my time and understand the material before I get to a solution.

Blog 1

Life As A College Student

Life as a college student has been an endless roller coaster. As a college student It has been a never-ending struggle not only to complete my classes with a passing grade but to also take as many classes as possible to transfer early to a four year University .The beginning of my first semester as a college student was a dreadful experience due to the extremely challenging classes I registered for and my night job I also juggled. Although, one advantage of college life is more freedom as a student: such as, classes you enroll in , professors of your choice, and unlike high school there is no individual on top of you every step of the way. In other words, you are basically on your own and your future is in your hands and what you make of it. As a college student I have learned to be independent, responsible and more open minded. I love the arrangement of the classes and the fact that students are free to speak their mind as long as they respect other students around them and their beliefs. I am proud to say that I have accomplished my goal of never giving up even though there were days where It seemed the road to success was never ending. As a college student I have grown to founder ideas and changed my perspective on education. I have learned that there is never an ending to the knowledge you will gather in your lifetime, without it you will never succeed.